Vascular protection by dietary polyphenols

Posted by Chantel Martiromo. research contributed by PubMed

Consumption of polyphenol-rich foods, such as fruits and vegetables, and beverages derived from plants, such as cocoa, red wine and tea, may represent a beneficial diet in terms of cardiovascular protection, According to the study by Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg, posted in PubMed, epidemiological studies demonstrate a significant inverse correlation between polyphenol consumption and cardiovascular risk. Among the numerous plausible mechanisms by which polyphenols may confer cardiovascular protection, improvement of the endothelial function and inhibition of angiogenesis and cell migration and proliferation in blood vessels have been the focus of recent studies. These studies have indicated that, in addition to and independently from their antioxidant effects, plant polyphenols (1) enhance the production of vasodilating factors [nitric oxide (NO), endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) and prostacyclin] and inhibit the synthesis of vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 in endothelial cells; and (2) inhibit the expression of two major pro-angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in smooth muscle cells.

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