Premenstrual Syndrome(PMS):The effects of Fatty Acids

Posted by Chantel Martiromo

Premenstrual syndrome effects over 70% to 90% of women before menopause in the US and less for women in Southeast Asia because of their difference in living style and social structure. It is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, it effects a women's physical and emotional state, and sometimes interferes with daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation. The syndrome occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts.

The effects of Fatty Acids
I. Liver
a) Over consumption of saturated fat reduces function of liver in secreting bile into bloodstream and interference with liver in regulating function of pancreas in insulin production resulting in symptoms of PMS including food and sugar craving.

II. Prostaglandins hormones
1. Definition
Prostaglandins are found in most tissues and organs. They are produced by all nucleated cells except lymphocytes. Prostaglandins are generated from
a) Gamma linoneic acid ( GLA)
b) Arachidinic acid (AA)
c) Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
2. How prostaglandins effect women with PMS
a. Gamma linoneic acid ( GLA)
GLA is also known as essential Omega 6 fatty acid which has anti-inflammatory properties found primarily in vegetable oils. It may also be converted from linolenic acid before converting to prostaglandins PGE1. If there are blockage caused abnormal function of fat and protein metabolism, imbalance of essential Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids and nutrients deficiency, PGE1 may become bad prostaglandins resulting in symptoms of PMS including menstrual pain and cramps.
b. Arachidinic acid (AA)
Arachidinic acid (AA) is also converted from linoleic acids after converting to dihomogamma-linolenic acid (DGLA). It is produced as resulting of unbalance of Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids. Over production of PGE2 causes symptoms of PMS including menstrual pain and cramps. Since meats contain high levels of AA, reducing intake of such products will help to restore the balance of prostaglandins hormone PG1 and PG2.
c. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
Omega 3 fatty acid containing eicosapentaenoic acid which is also known as also icosapentaenoic acid which is converted from Alpha-linolenic acid. EPA is vital for the production of good prostaglandins PGE3 resulting in lessening the risk of inflammation and symptoms of PMS.
Unbalance of Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids causes unbalance of hormone of members in the prostaglandins and weakens the liver in fatty acids metabolism resulting in increasing the risk of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
b) It also interference the liver in fat and protein metabolism that is essential for our body cells need including the cells in the nervous sytem resulting in increasing of nervous tension and symptoms of PMS.

III. Saturated fat
Saturated fat is fat which consists of triglycerides and contains only saturated fatty acid radicals and comes mainly from animals. It blocks the absorption of nutrients in the digestive system including essential fatty acids and vitamins and minerals resulting in increasing the unbalance of prostaglandins family and liver in fat and protein metabolism causing symptoms of PMS, if consumed in large amount. By the way, saturated fat also deceases the function of your liver as resulting of building up of cholesterol and triglycerides in your blood causing numbers of disease including heart diseases and stroke.


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